Swiss amateur cyclist René Rutschmann began his career in 1957, winning a junior race that same year. After some consistent results Rutschmann was selected to represent Switzerland at the 1960 Roma Olympics. At the Games he was part of the Swiss quartet that finished ninth in the 100 kilometres team time trial. After a brief break in his cycling career due to military training, Rutschmann returned to the sport, winning further amateur races in Switzerland, in addition to competing at the 1963 UCI World Championships. One year later he made his second appearance at the Olympics, once again riding in the 100 kilometres team time trial at the 1964 Tokyo Games. The same year as the Olympics he also won a stage of the Milk Race in England. In 1965 Rutschmann became the national champion in the individual pursuit on the track, before winning the Stausee-Rundfahrt Klingnau one-day race in 1968.