Axel Ahlberg attended Östermalms high school and then graduated as an engineer from the Stockholm Technical University. He played for IFK Stockholm, losing the 1905 final of the Swedish cup championship. Later, he was a long-time member of the club’s old-timers team. Like several other active players from Sweden, he acted as a linesman in the 1912 Olympic football tournament and later entered a career as a referee. Ahlberg worked for several years AB Desibrator. He was married to Gerda Sofia Karolina (née Ringdahl) and was the father of two daughters.