A center, Pavel Richter played most of his career in Prague, starting with SK Motorlet Praha from 1960-70, then with ČLTK Praha from 1970-73, ČKD Praha from 1973-79 and again in 1980-85. In Czechoslovakia he played with Dukla Trenčín in 1979-80. Richter finished his career with three seasons in the German League, playing for EHC Kloten in 1985-86, ESV Kaufbeuren in 1986-88, and EHC 80 Nürnberg in 1988-90. He made the Bundesliga First All-Star Team in 1986-87 and won the Gustav Jaenecke Cup that year, given to the top scorer in the league. He also played a few games in 1986-87 in the Swiss A League with Ambrì-Piotta. During 12 seasons in the Czechoslovakian league Richter scored 181 goals in 485 league games.
With the national team, Richter played at the 1984 Winter Olympics, winning a silver medal, and at the Canada Cup in 1976 and 1981, winning silver and bronze medals, respectively. He played at five World Championships, winning gold in 1985, silver in 1978, 1982 and 1983, and bronze in 1981. After his playing career ended he became a television commentator for ice hockey on Czech television.