Along with teammate Halyna Prozumenshchykova-Stepanova, Svetlana Babanina was one of the top female breaststroke swimmers of the world in the mid-1960s. Babanina made her international début at the 1962 European Championships, but did not medal. The 1964 Olympics were probably her best international tournament as she won bronze medals in both the 200 breaststroke and medley relay. Babanina also competed at the 1966 European Championships and 1968 Olympics, but with less success. She was also the 1965 Universiade 200 m breaststroke champion. Domestically Babanina won five Soviet titles: in 1962 and 1963 in the 400 IM, in 1963 in the 4×100 free relay and in 1964 in the 100 and 200 breast. Babanina also set two world records during her career, both in the 100 breaststroke (1:17.2 in 1964 and 1:16.5 in 1965).
Personal Bests: 100 m breaststroke – 1:16.5 (1965); 200 m breaststroke – 2:47.2 (1964); 400 m individual medley – 5:40.5 (1965).