Whilst in high school during the late 1950s Masashi Omiya won multiple cycling races in Kamakura, Japan. Omiya then attended Nihon University in Tokyo, and was selected to ride at the UCI World Cycling Championships and the 1960 Roma Olympics. His first major international success came at the 1962 Asian Games in Jakarta when he won silver in the individual road race. Two years later he competed at his home Olympics in Tokyo, finishing 37th in the road race, just 13 seconds behind the race winner. Omiya was also a two-time national amateur champion, winning the road race in 1963 and 1964.