The 1936 weightlifting program was the same as it had been since 1920, with five weight classes, all held at the same weight levels. Since 1928 the competition had also consisted of three lifts – military press, snatch, and clean & jerk. Weightlifting in Berlin was held at the Deutschlandhalle. World Championships had not been held since 1923 so it was difficult to pick out favorites in Berlin.
Seven nations won weightlifting medals in 1936, but Egypt and Germany won the bulk of them, each taking five, so together they won 10 of the 15 available medals. Egypt won two golds, with four nations winning one each, as the lightweight class gold medal was shared between Anwar Mousbah of Egypt and Austrian Robert Fein.